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2.6 Economic growth and wealth effectThe aging of the population is increasing: the proportion of people over 60 years old in China continues to increase, and it is expected to reach 29.9% by 2040, which poses great pressure on the existing old-age security system.The expansion of individual pension system is an important step in the development of multi-level pension insurance system in China, aiming at meeting the challenges brought by the aging population. According to the latest policy, the personal pension system will be extended to the whole country on December 15th, 2024, and the first batch of 85 equity index funds will be included in the catalogue of personal pension investment products. The implementation background of this policy is mainly based on the following points:

Incorporating index funds into the personal pension investment catalogue will also help to strengthen the education and popularization of financial market knowledge and enhance the financial literacy and risk awareness of the whole society. According to market research, individual pension investors pay more attention to the long-term performance and risk control of products when choosing investment products, which will prompt investors to pay more attention to the long-term trend and investment knowledge of financial markets, thus improving the financial literacy of the whole society.Increase investment options: Incorporating index funds provides more investment options for individual pension investors, enriches the product line and meets the needs of investors with different risk preferences.The influence of the first batch of 85 index funds on market expansion is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

Underdevelopment of the third pillar: Compared with developed countries, the scale of the second and third pillar pensions in China is relatively low, which needs to be promoted through policy guidance.Improve market efficiency: the transparency and low rate of index funds help to improve market efficiency, reduce transaction costs and increase investor participation.2.3 Market stability improvement